What is the term for the shoulder joint?

The shoulder joint is anatomically referred to as the glenohumeral joint. This joint is formed by the articulation between the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus. This specific naming reflects its anatomy and function, as it allows for a wide range of motion in the shoulder area, making activities such as lifting, reaching, and throwing possible.

In contrast, the acromioclavicular joint refers to the joint between the acromion of the scapula and the clavicle, primarily involved in the movement of the shoulder girdle but not the shoulder joint itself. The sternoclavicular joint is the junction between the sternum and the clavicle, serving a very different role in connecting the upper limb to the trunk. Lastly, the scapulothoracic articulation is not a true joint but describes the movement between the scapula and the thoracic wall, further emphasizing that it is not the primary joint of the shoulder. The glenohumeral joint is distinct in that it is the main joint responsible for the dynamic movements of the arm.